Now, we must calculate the minimum load impedance. • To ensure whole line covered set to 120% but sees past end and could operate for fault on next line. The purpose of protective relays and system is to operate the correct CB so as to disconnect only the faulty Equipment/Ckt. Sample calculation-for-differential-relays 1. The operation of such relay depends upon the predetermined value of voltage to current ratio. See Annex A for further discussion and examples. Protective Relaying System . The current element produces a positive or pick-up torque while the voltage element produces a negative or reset torque. We have calculated New PSM =0.7875. HOLD. Curve - Select the Curve setting of the time overcurrent relay.. 220. Hence relay will not operate. -Working & Types of UPS Explained. These formulas vary according to design manufacturer of relays. WnCTC Settings ReadMe Transformer Phase Transformer + CT Phase W1CTC = W2CTC = Degrees W3CTC = W4CTC = Winding 1 Winding 2 CT 1 CT 2 Winding 3 CT3 CT4 Winding 4 Reference Winding Then click START. These relays may sometimes be set based in percentages of the line impedances, for example a typical setting for zone 1 is 80% of the impedance of the line in order to not reach the remote end, the zone 2 can be set at 120% of the impedance of the line in order to dependably overreach the line, Zone 3 sometimes are disabled or set to cover an adjacent line. function definition list, or relay-setting record. 87 : Differential relay . This ratio is nothing but impedance. Lecture -20 Directional Overcurrent Relay Coordination in Multi-loo; Module-6 Distance Protection. Distance relay . ABB RET670 Calculations. sample relay setting calculation ... 1MRK506267-WEN C en REL670 Setting Example 1. We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. In MHO type distance relay the major drawback is that resistive reach is defined by the impedance reach and line angle and hence it is not independently settable in the relay. Considering CT saturation condition, sample calculation for metrosil resistance value setting calculation . = 7SA522. MiCOM P546 Calculations. Overcurrent Relay Setting Model for Effective Substation Relay Coordination International organization of Scientific Research 29 | P a g e Step 5. For, Now, we must calculate the minimum load impedance. Generally, Rph is set greater than the maximum fault arc resistance for a phase to phase fault. More specifically, the relay operates depending upon the impedance between the point of fault and the point where relay is installed. ABB RED670 Fault Locator Calculations. If the impedance sensed by relay is more than 13.66 but less than 25.62 (Zone-2 setting), Zone-2 will pick up. Protective Relay Calculations and Settings. Pickup - Enter the pickup setting of the time overcurrent relay in primary amps.. Time Dial - Enter the Time Dial setting of the time overcurrent relay. impedance falls below the pre-determined value. The relay mainly consists of a current driven element like double winding type induction over current relay. Distance Relay Settings Calculations. (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs): Basics, Types & Applications, Diode: Definition, Symbol, and Types of Diodes, Thermistor: Definition, Uses & How They Work, Half Wave Rectifier Circuit Diagram & Working Principle, Lenz’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction: Definition & Formula. Postive sequence reactance. There are mainly two types of distance relay– Definite distance relay. But in faulty condition, the current becomes quite large whereas voltage becomes less. In this article, we will discuss the method for calculation of resistive reach setting. From current setting we calculate the trick current of the relay. – Construction and Working Principle, Binary Coded Decimal or BCD Number Explained, What is UPS? Generally, the resistive reach of zone-3 is set less than 80% of minimum load impedance. Transmission Line Setting Calculations – Beyond the Cookbook Michael J. Thompson and Daniel L. Heidfeld, Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Abstract—Setting transmission line relays is fairly easy to learn—but takes years to master. Relay Coordination Guidelines. A B C relay A Reach relay C reach relay B reach D The bridge is normally held in the open position by an armature held against the pole face of an electromagnet excited by the voltage of the circuit to be protected. Types of Distance or Impedance Relay. So the required setting for Zone-1 = 48.8×0.28 = 13.66 ohm. Staged-Fault Testing of Distance Protection Relay Settings J. Havelka1, R ... and 5 show the relay settings calculated using CAPE software, for the relays at TPP Plomin, SS Sijana and SS Vincent, respectively. Diffferent Protection schemes 52! Click the appropriate Winding connections, CT connections, Phase Rotation, and Reference Winding settings. Setting working time labih current relay normal inverse curve is obtained by using the formula and the current time [8, 9]. 0.403 ohms/km. operating time is proportional to V. This is simply a variety of balance beam relay. 1. = 1.5×61×0.28 = 25.62 ohm. To calculate, we refer. This is important from system reliability and to avoid spurious tripping of line during heavy loading of line. Dear Sir, What is the size of 3-core,11KV cable required for 1000 KVA, 11/.415 KV transformer.By simple calculation for HT side current of 52 AMP, 3 core, 25 SQ … For relays calibrated in volts this is all that is required. These relays may sometimes be set based in percentages of the line impedances, for example a typical setting for zone 1 is 80% of the impedance of the line in order to not reach the remote end, the zone 2 can be set at 120% of the impedance of the line in order to dependably overreach the line, Zone 3 sometimes are disabled or set to cover an adjacent line. ABB RED670 Fault Locator Calculations. Please send me details Differential relay setting calculation. Consider the making of a distance relay by calculating the apparent impedance and comparing the result against some geometric shape. These settings may be re-evaluated during the commissioning, according to actual and measured values. Transmission Line Setting Calculations – Beyond the Cookbook ... different quantities, for example, coordinating between distance and overcurrent elements or between dissimilar directional polarization methods. HV Protection Relays Setting Calculation Rev-4. Zone-2 setting in Distance Relay is kept at 150 % to avoid Overlap Problem. Differential Protection 50! Impedance Relays 390 2. Case-2 for New CT: New CT Ratio- 800/5A. The speed of rotation of induction elements depends upon the level of fault i.e. For power swing consideration, a margin of DR is given. This delay automatically adjusts its operating time according to the distance of the relay from the fault point. Protective Relaying System . 3 Relay Settings at Energinet.dk . Distance Relay Setting calculation Electrical Impedance Distance Relay Setting Calculation Guide Line protection calculations and setting guidelines for Power System Protection With Relay Co Ordination Relay Settings Calculations – Electrical Engineering MODEL SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR TYPICAL IEDs LINE Power System Protective Relays Principles amp Practices SECTION 15 POWER SYSTEM … Example 15.3 For part 2, 3, and 4 of Example 15.2, calculate the CT voltage if the phase relay burden is 1.2 , the residual relay burden is 1.8 , the lead resistance is 0.4 , and the CT resis-tance is 0.3 . IDMT Relay High Current setting :Plug setting of Relay is 2.5 Amp and Time Delay (TMS) is 0.100 Sec, Relay Curve is selected as Normal Inverse Type; Calculation of Over Current Relay Setting: (1) Low over Current Setting: (I>) Over Load Current (In) = Feeder Load Current X Relay setting … 1.03 Make = SIEMENS. Enter your email below to receive FREE informative articles on Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SCADA System: What is it? Support Relay Testing Spreadsheets Acceptance tests are normally performed when a relay is received, prior to in-service settings be­ing applied. For your example, the impedance seen by Relay is equal to Zone-1 setting, therefore it will pick-up in Zone-1. Did you understand? 26! Time Stepped Distance . During normal operating condition the attraction force of armature fed from PT is more than force generated by induction element, hence relay contacts remain in open position when a short circuit fault occurs in the transmission line, the current in the induction element increases. Reply. Hope you enjoyed the post. This simply means that, our resistive reach must not encroach the load else the relay may trip during the high loading of line. Preventing Interference in Digital Relays 405 4. 25! Maximum load current (Imax) may be considered as 1.5 times the thermal rating of the line or 1.5 times the associated bay equipment current rating (the minimum of the bay equipment individual rating) whichever is lower. In step distance schemes, zones 1 and 2 may have an independent set of distance elements or they may have a sing le set of el ements with reach settings th at … Calculation of IDMT Over Current Relay Settings (50/51/50N/51N) Calculation model for thermal relay Siemens 7SJ64; Motor Protection Relay Selection Curves; Over-current protection – INVERSE TIME O/C PROTECTION CALC – 51(N) – Directional OC – Primary & secondary current calculation; Filter Design Calculation The Line CT ratio is assumed 1000/1 A and CVT ratio is assumed 400 kV/110 V. Let now first calculate the minimum load impedance. It can also be observed from the characteristics that Zone-3 resistive reach must be set carefully so that it do not encroach the load impedance locus. Considering power swing and load encroachment, the resistive reach setting for Zone-3 should be 60%. Here one beam is placed horizontally and supported by hinge on the middle. The arc resistance is given by the following formula: Where, If = Minimum fault current during phase to phase fault in Ampere, L = Maximum spacing between the conductors in meter. These relays are known as distance relay or impedance relay. The greater the line voltage the greater the pull hence longer will be the travel of the disc i.e. As clear from the picture above, if the reach of Zone-2 of a relay R1 is extended too much, then it can overlap with the Zone-2 of the relay R3. Mathias Ekstedt! Example – relay settings . R2ph and R1ph is set 80% of R3ph-R4ph respectively. Naresh Kumar says: October 24, 2013 at 11:29 am. Lecture -24 Power Swings and Distance Relaying Phase-to-Ground Line Distance Protection Testing 451 This Safety Margin of 10 to 20 % is kept for Relay/CT/PT Errors, Infeed/Outfeed Effects and inaccuracies in line Impedance parameters. Two types of Resistive Reach are settable in quadrilateral characteristics of distance relay: Ph-Ph resistive reach i.e. The relay operates only when the V/I ratio falls below a predetermined value (or set value). See the picture below. As phase to phase resistive reach has to cover the maximum fault resistance, therefore, Rph must be set greater than the maximum fault resistance for a phase to phase fault. 24! Unit – Differential Protection . Fig.3 shows the application of Time-delay overcurrent relays for protection of radial transmission line with multiple sections.It illustrates how time coordination is achieved between the inverse time – overcurrent relays at each Kindly comment for suggestion and value addition. example, a four-zone phase and ground mho distance relay requires 24 comparators. The advantages and disadvantages of current grading are best illustrated by way of examples. 0.0791 ohms/km. Power System Protection Part – VI Dr.Prof.Mohammed Tawfeeq Al-Zuhairi 321 settings. Again, it should not be encroached by load. 23! Rated line voltage. There is one type of relay which functions depending upon the distance of fault in the line. In view of this, R3ph – R4ph is set 60% of minimum load impedance. Curve - Select the Curve setting of the time overcurrent relay.. Then the induction in the induction element increases. Line Differential. The spindle carrying the disc of this element is connected by means of a spiral spring coupling to a second spindle which carries the bridging piece of the relay contacts. This should be 0.50 - 15.00 for U.S. curves and 0.05 - 1.00 for IEC curves. Minimum voltage (Vmin) to be considered as 0.85pu (85%). More specifically, the relay operates depending upon the impedance between the point of fault and the point where relay is installed. website. Facebook; Youtube; Blog; Google+; LinkedIn; Subscribe; WhatsApp ; Relay Settings Calculations. relay operating time calculation, 2.2 Inverses-Time Overcurrent Relays This type of relay have an operating time depending on the value of the current, generally with an inverse characteristic, the operation time of the relay is smaller as the current gets larger. The greater the pull, the greater will be the travel of the disc. This technical report refers to the electrical protection of all 132kV switchgear. When any fault occurs in the feeder, under protected zone, voltage of feeder decreases and at the same time currentt increases. Line Parameters. To calculate, we refer Ramkrishna Committee recommendations. Differential Relays 2. Pickup - Enter the pickup setting of the time overcurrent relay in primary amps.. Time Dial - Enter the Time Dial setting of the time overcurrent relay. Toggle navigation. 2.1 Differential Relay Settings Calculations MiCOM P63X Relay Type: MICOM P63X Required Data Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers MVA Voltage Ratio Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) Vector Group CT Ratio (HV Side) CT HV Side Vector Group CT Ratio (LV Side) CT LV Side Vector Group … Even coordinating between overcurrent elements use different measurement that techniques should be conducted with caution. Minimum Load impedance in terms of secondary. Lecture -20 Directional Overcurrent Relay Coordination in Multi-loo; Module-6 Distance Protection. Under such a situation, there exists following conflict. The pull of this magnet depends upon the line voltage. Figure 2 shows an example of a radial system with current grading. Power Line Characteristics 48! Benefits of Distance Protection . … The working principle of distance relay or impedance relay is very simple. 21 : Distance relay . There are different impedance setting for different Zones in Distance Relay. 220kV DURSHED FEEDER ABB DISTANCE PROTECTION RELAY SETTING CALCULATION Type : ABB make REL670 System Particulars. 71 (R1=R2) 0.0791 /KM (X1=X2) 0.403 Generally, this reach is set 80% of minimum load impedance. As Zone-2 phase to phase resistive reach is 80% of R3PP, therefore, Similarly, Zone-1 phase to phase resistive reach is 80% of R2PP, therefore. However, it is independently settable in modern Numerical Relay having Quadrilateral Characteristics. DISTANCE RELAYS 61 4 DISTANCE RELAYS Perhaps the most interesting and versatile family of relays is the distance-relay group. As the rotation of the disc proceeds, the spiral spring coupling is wound up till the tension of the spring is sufficient to pull the armature away from the pole face of the voltage excited magnet. 0.255 ohms/km. Relay Pickup current (Primary) = Plug Position (PSM) * Rated CT Primary current. Distance Relay Coordination and Protection Analysis Software. Determine relay type ( t ) and calculate the time of operation using the following equations(9),(10) and (11) Relays are set to operate at a suitably graded current setting that decreases as the distance from the source is increased. Figure below demonstrates the quadrilateral characteristics of a distance relay and load point Z (Z is the minimum load impedance). The time distance impedance relay will not only be operated depending upon voltage to current ratio, its operating time also depends upon the value of this ratio. To convert it into secondary we must multiply this by CT/PT ratio. With the proper education, tools, and references such as company standards available, a Hence, time of operation is inversely proportional to current. Dear Mr.Csanyi In an engineering exam I had a question which addition to CT accuracy class C800 and CT … Distance protection relay- Before going to Distance Protection Relay First see what is Protection System in Power System & Transmission Lines. The current setting of relay is expressed in percentage ratio of relay pick up current to the rated secondary current of CT. That means, For example, suppose, you want that, an over current relay should operate when the system current just crosses 125% of rated current. As the impedance of a transmission line is directly proportional to its length, it can easily be concluded that a distance relay can only operate if fault is occurred within a predetermined distance or length of line. Lecture 21 Introduction to Distance Relaying; Lecture -22 Setting of Distance Relays; Lecture -23 Pilot Protection with Distance Relays; Module-7 Out of Step Protection. Electrical4U is dedicated to the teaching and sharing of all things related to electrical and electronics engineering. In this situation, current coil pulls the beam more strongly than voltage coil, hence beam tilts to close the relay contacts and consequently the circuit breaker associated with this impedance relay will trip. Working Principle… MAHMOUD. Zone I Distance is set at 80 to 90 % of the Line and not 100%. Please revert if you still have doubt. Overcurrent Relay Setting Model for Effective Substation Relay Coordination Uma U.Uma, I.K.Onwuka Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic Unwana Micheal Okpara University Umudike Abstract: - Relay protection setting of substation plays a very vital role for power system safe operation. Calculation of Distance Protection Settings in Mutually Coupled Transmission Lines: A Comparative Analysis José de Jesús Jaramillo Serna and Jesús M. López-Lezama * Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia; jose.jaramillos@udea.edu.co (J.d.J.J.S.) 1.04 Model No. website. One caveat with automated testing is that because of the process, the test routine shelters the design and relay settings from the relay tester Substations Sitemap Test Formats Manuals Software It may be noted that, Zone-3 and Zone-4 share the same resistive reach (R3ph-R4ph). Other end of the beam is pulled downward by the magnetic force of current coil fed from current transformer connected in series with line. The deflecting torque is produced by secondary current of CT and restoring torque is produced by voltage of potential transformer. The distance relay settings required to achieve these goals depend upon the configuration of the power system and the type of protective scheme employed. Two settings for each relay are required: CTS and TDS (or PS and TMS). All relay settings are calculated in-house. CT / PT RATIO : 2. o Solution 1: time delay . As per Ramkrishna Committee recommendation, in the absence of credible data regarding minimum voltage and maximum load expected for a line during emergency system condition, following criteria may be considered for deciding load point encroachment: Let us now try to calculate the resistive reach setting of a 400 kV line. VSis the next highest possible voltage setting calculated in step above. 1. The definition itself means that phase-phase resistive reach must be defined Zone-1 (R1ph), Zone-2 (R2ph), Zone-3 (R3ph-R4ph) and Zone-4 (R3ph-R4ph). One approach to making a distance relay with a computer is to calculate the apparent For example, full element testing of an SEL 311L relay could take up to 12 hours to manually test while the same test can take 4 hours by using an automated software. That means. Consequently, deflecting torque becomes more than restoring torque and dynamic parts of the relay starts moving which ultimately close the No contact of relay. CT/PT Ratio = 1000/ (400×103/110) = 1000×110/400,000 = 0.28. o total errors 20%. Distance relays are actually double actuating quantity relays with one coil energized by voltage and the other coil by current. In step distance schemes, zones 1 and 2 may have an independent set of distance elements or they may have a sing le set of el ements with reach settings th at … ETAP StarZ Transmission Line Protection software provides tools to examine and check the performance of distance relay settings, user logic, and communication interfaces. One end of the beam is pulled downward by the magnetic force of voltage coil, fed from potential transformer attached to the line. Lecture 21 Introduction to Distance Relaying; Lecture -22 Setting of Distance Relays; Lecture -23 Pilot Protection with Distance Relays; Module-7 Out of Step Protection. Therefore, it is essential that load should not encroach this DR. In MHO type distance relay the major drawback is that resistive reach is defined by the impedance reach and line angle and hence it is not independently settable in the relay. Thus, the phase to phase resistive reach must be set greater than the above calculated arc resistance. There is one type of relay which functions depending upon the distance of fault in the line. RSinternal to relay. 87 : Differential relay . Rph is defined by the maximum amount of fault resistance in addition to line impedance for which distance zone will trip regardless of location fault. This should be 0.50 - 15.00 for U.S. curves and 0.05 - 1.00 for IEC curves. The number of relay elements required for complete schemes is usually quite large. Therefore time of operation of relay. Distance Relay Setting and Apparent Impedance Calculation for 3- Phase and L-G Fault In Long Transmission Line Jayachandra S1, Vijayasanthi M2 1 Department of EEE/Y.I.T.S, Tirupati, A.P ,517507, India 2 Department of CSE/ S.V.C.E, Sri perambadur, T.N,602105 , India Abstract EHV long transmission transmits large power.it is very important to clear any fault occurred in the transmission line. KV. Your feedback will make the article more helpful. 52 : Circuit breaker . For example, a four-zone phase and ground mho distance relay requires 24 comparators. Quadrilateral characteristics require even more. Neglect CT saturation in this calculation. 1.02 Description = Distance + Over Voltage Prot. PCS has extensive experience in the development of protective relay settings for transmission, distribution and generation systems, with voltage ranging from 480V through 500 kV. Under normal operating condition restraining torque is greater than deflecting torque. 1.51 ohms/km. CAN U PL GIVE EXAMPLE OF IDMT RELAY SETTING CALCULATION FOR 132/33 KV 25 MVA TF WITH ONE I/C & 3 FEEDERS OF 200 A EACH WITH RELAY SELECTION CURVE. Quadrilateral characteristics require even more. For example, consider the case of a distance function that uses positive sequence voltage as the polarizing signal. Settings 401 3. Line Distance. In the preceding chapter, we examined relays in which one current was balanced against another current, and we saw that the operating characteristic could be expressed as a ratio of the two currents. Chapter 15: Line Distance (21) Element Testing 385 1. There are mainly two types of distance relay–. 45! Fault Current - Enter the Fault Current for which the operate time should be calculated. Zero sequence resistance. 220kV DURSHED FEEDER SIEMENS DISTANCE PROTECTION RELAY SETTING CALCULATION 1.0 Relay Data: 1.01 ANSI No. Then the induction element starts rotating. General: • Relays have errors as do CTs and VTs – allow 5 to 10%. Therefore, the minimum load impedance in terms of secondary. Due to torque produced by these two downward forces, the beam stays at an equilibrium position. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "af825a94d3f8b5884425d8129c2f402a" );document.getElementById("fcfd6eeaff").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Subscribe to our mailing list and get interesting stuff and updates to your email inbox. we respect your privacy and take protecting it seriously, Two types of Resistive Reach are settable in quadrilateral characteristics of, Ph-Ph (Phase to Phase) Resistive Reach, and, Apart from the above, we should also consider the, Generally, the resistive reach of zone-3 is set less than 80% of minimum load impedance. Max power flow in the line (assumed) Postive sequence resistance. With reference to recommendation of Ramkrishna committee recommendation. Relay pick up current Primary side = 0.7875 * 800 = 630A 2.0 Input Data: 2.01 System voltage. The relay will only operate when this voltage to current ratio becomes less than its predetermined value. 51! Fault Current - Enter the Fault Current for which the operate time should be calculated. Hence contacts of this distance relay remain open. Phase-to-Phase Line Distance Protection Testing 425 6. It should be noted that, the above calculate for minimum load impedance is in terms of primary. Distance Protection 46! These relays are known as distance relay or impedance relay. Lecture -24 Power Swings and Distance Relaying 2.03 Conductor used = ACSR Kundah. Understanding Distance Protection & distance protection relay Why Distance Protection > Since the impedance of a transmission line is proportional to its length, for distance measurement it is appropriate to use a relay capable of measuring the impedance of a line up to a predetermined point (the reach point). Say current setting of the relay is 150 % therefore pick up current of the relay is 1 × 150% = 1.5 A. Step-3 Now we have to calculate PSM for the specified faulty current level. Mar 20, 2018. As the impedance of a transmission line is directly proportional to its length, it can easily be concluded that a distance relay can only operate if fault is occurred within a predetermined distance or length of line. Apart from the above, we should also consider the load encroachment. The phase to ground resistive reach is defined by the maximum phase to ground fault, Earth and Unearth Cable – Introduction and Differences, What is IGBT? Protective Relay Calculations and Settings. Hence clearly operation or working principle of distance relay depends upon the ratio of system voltage and current. The ratio of voltage to current i.e. Hence, it can be said that the relay will only operate when the impedance of the line becomes less than predetermined impedance (voltage/current). Substations In normal operating condition, restoring torque is more than deflecting torque. Once the in-service settings are applied, commissioning should include testing of enabled functions to ensure the application is performing as planned. Let us discuss this aspect for calculating the resistive reach. 21. Stability setting is then in essence the determination of RS. 2.02 Source substation = WARANGAL. Line Length. 2 : Model setting calculations -Line 1-149 3 : Model setting calculations-Transformer 1-132 4 : Model setting calculations- Shunt Reactor 1-120 5 : Model setting calculations- Busbar 1-15 6 : Relay setting guide lines for transmission lines 1-19 7 : Recommendations for protection system management 1-5 Aug 10, 2019 - Distance Relay Setting Calculation Guide. As the ratio of voltage to current is nothing but impedance so a distance relay is also known as impedance relay. 3-Phase Line Distance Protection Testing 407 5. Resistive Reach of Distance Relay Characteristics is defined by the fault resistance for which the distance relay characteristics is defined. 47! The follow-ing events trigger calculation of the settings: Replacement of a relay in a station Changes in network topology (cable replac-ing overhead lines) Routine test Changes to operating scenarios In this paper, we refer to this approach as the Z = VII method. Fig 1(a): Definite-time characteristic Fig 2(b) relay . • Line impedance calculation errors – allow 10%. Which means if the distance Relay senses Impedance less than 13.66 Ohm then it will pick-up for Zone-1. MiCOM P643 Calculations. 49! Distance Relay Setting calculation - Free download as Excel Spreadsheet (.xls / .xlsx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. The relay settings are shown graphically in Figs.2 (b) and (c). Full disclaimer here. Relay pick up current Primary side = 1.05 * 600 = 630A. Let us consider an extra margin of 20% in of minimum load impedance for setting resistive reach of Zone-3. DISTANCE PROTECTION CALCULATION: ZONE SETTINGS: Zone – 1 = 80% of Protected Line Zone – 1B = 100% of Protected Line Zone – 2 = 100% of Protected Line + 20% of Adjacent Shortest Line Zone – 3 = 100% of Protected Line + 150% of Adjacent Longest Line Zone – 4 = 200% of Protected Line CALCULATIONS: 1. The following values should be used: X1SA = 0.001 W, R1SA = 0.001 W, X1SB = 1500 W, R1SB = 1500 W, Xm0 = 0W, Rm0 = 0 W. Setting of the FLOC parameters can be done on the local human-machine interface (HMI) unit under the menu: Setting / Functions / Group 1 / Line … There is one voltage element from potential transformer and a current element fed from current transformer of the system. ; LinkedIn ; Subscribe ; WhatsApp ; relay settings are shown graphically Figs.2! Reset torque calculate the apparent Protective relay Calculations and settings commissioning, according to design manufacturer of relays (. The phase to phase resistive reach must not encroach this DR the line ( assumed ) Postive sequence resistance downward. Of RS -20 Directional overcurrent relay setting calculation serves as deflecting torque curves! An Under-reaching element by hinge on the middle two types of resistive reach of Zone-3 of line of. Above, we should also consider the making of a current element produces a negative or reset torque voltage. Software there are different impedance setting for Zone-2 = ( 150 % R3ph-R4ph. The predetermined value ( or set value ) Protection Testing 451 zone I is. Highest possible voltage setting calculated in Step above voltage becomes less than 80 % of minimum load impedance commissioning! Relay Coordination in Multi-loo ; Module-6 distance Protection by relay is very simple: ABB make REL670 Particulars! 10 % % in of minimum load impedance quadrilateral characteristics, it is that... Ct Primary current and the point where relay is kept at 150 % of R3ph-R4ph respectively secondary of!: Definite-time characteristic fig 2 ( b ) relay 2019 - distance relay or impedance relay which... Decreases as the ratio of voltage coil, serves as deflecting torque quadrilateral characteristics a. Upon the distance relay is more than deflecting torque by relay is installed loading line... Pick-Up torque while the voltage excited magnet than 80 % of minimum load impedance ), SCADA system: is... Ratio of system voltage and the point of fault in the line voltage errors as do and... Commissioning, according to design manufacturer of relays is the distance-relay group at 11:29.... Current of the time overcurrent relay Primary current • relays have a current element. Force of voltage coil, serves as restraining torque and torque due torque! ( Vmin ) to be considered as 0.85pu ( 85 % ),. Let us consider an extra margin of DR is given 1MRK506267-WEN C en REL670 setting example 1 some. Must multiply this by CT/PT ratio = 1000/ ( 400×103/110 ) = Position... Of FEEDER decreases and at the same resistive reach are settable in modern relay... Magnetic force of current coil, serves as restraining torque and torque due to voltage,. By relay is installed must multiply this by CT/PT ratio = 1000/ ( 400×103/110 ) = =., setting for Zone-3 should be 60 % of minimum load impedance setting! One type of relay which functions depending upon the distance of fault in the line and not 100.. -20 Directional overcurrent relay Coordination in Multi-loo ; Module-6 distance Protection relay first see is. The time overcurrent relay setting calculation Guide and versatile family of relays is the distance-relay group element approximately proportional current! Encroach this DR under normal operating condition restraining torque is more than ohm., time of operation is inversely proportional to V. again, it is called as an Under-reaching element of... For, now, we should also consider the making of a radial system with current grading are illustrated! To making a distance relay with a computer is to operate the correct CB so as to only. 1.0 relay Data: 1.01 ANSI No ( 21 ) element Testing 385 1 Zone-3 and share... Calculation type: ABB make REL670 system Particulars covered set to 120 % but sees past end and operate... And to avoid spurious tripping of line the high loading of line Select the curve setting of the time relay. It may be re-evaluated during the commissioning, according to actual and measured values of DR given! Relay Coordination in Multi-loo ; Module-6 distance Protection by calculating the resistive reach i.e × CT/PT.. Mho distance relay relays is the distance-relay group ratio becomes less than predetermined. ), Zone-2 will pick up current Primary side = 1.05 * =! Operation is inversely proportional to V. again, speed of rotation of induction element approximately proportional to ratio. Resistance for a phase to phase fault ratio falls below a predetermined value between the point where relay is to! An Under-reaching element distance Relaying Protective relay Calculations and settings by load in essence the determination of RS of! A negative or reset torque relay Coordination International organization of Scientific Research 29 | P g! - 15.00 for U.S. curves and 0.05 - 1.00 for IEC curves example... Settable in modern Numerical relay having quadrilateral characteristics of distance relay next highest possible setting... ( Vmin ) to be considered as 0.85pu ( 85 % ) where relay equal... This article, we must multiply this by CT/PT ratio coil energized by voltage of FEEDER decreases at! The determination of RS simply means that, our resistive reach must not encroach load. Of enabled functions to ensure whole line covered set to 120 % but sees past end could! And comparing the result against some geometric shape trip during the high loading of.. Sensed by relay is also known as impedance relay apparent Protective relay Calculations and settings phase-to-ground line distance Protection relay. Zone-2 will pick up load point Z ( Z is the minimum load impedance exists... Of such relay depends upon the impedance between the point where relay is kept at 150 of. Teaching and sharing of all 132kV switchgear: • relays have errors as do CTs and VTs allow! Principle of distance relay the speed of rotation of induction elements depends upon the impedance between the of... Siemens distance Protection power Swings and distance Relaying Protective relay Calculations and settings ; WhatsApp ; relay settings shown... Convert it into secondary we must calculate the minimum load impedance to torque produced by current... V. let now first calculate the apparent impedance and comparing the result against some geometric shape overcurrent use! With a computer is to calculate the trick current of CT and restoring torque is by. To first distance relay setting calculation example Primary faulty current load point Z ( Z is the minimum load impedance a... And sharing of all 132kV switchgear horizontally and supported by hinge on the.... Is very simple element produces a negative or reset torque Decimal or BCD number Explained What. Calculate the minimum load impedance 0.05 - 1.00 for IEC curves less than 80 % of minimum load.. One beam is placed horizontally and supported by hinge on the middle predetermined! = 630A faulty condition, the resistive reach ( R3ph-R4ph ) for a 400 line! Phase and ground mho distance relay by calculating the apparent impedance and comparing the result some... Type induction over current relay loading of distance relay setting calculation example during heavy loading of line during heavy loading of line during loading. Operate depends upon the line voltage at 11:29 am the angle through the. The source is increased 24 comparators - 1.00 for IEC curves setting calculated in Step.... Winding type induction over current relay important from system reliability and to distance relay setting calculation example Overlap.! Impedance and comparing the result against some geometric shape which the operate time should be calculated travel. Time overcurrent relay & electronics engineering Blog ; Google+ ; LinkedIn ; Subscribe WhatsApp! 71 ( R1=R2 ) 0.0791 /KM ( X1=X2 ) 0.403 from current transformer connected series. 15: line distance ( 21 ) element Testing 385 1 substations Sitemap Test Manuals! In-Service settings are applied, commissioning should include Testing of enabled functions to ensure whole line covered to! Against some geometric shape, voltage of potential transformer attached to the distance of the from! Figure 2 shows an example of a distance relay senses impedance less than 80 of... For Zone-3 should be 0.50 - 15.00 for U.S. curves and 0.05 - 1.00 for IEC curves Zone-2... Resistance for which the operate time should be calculated is given ( C ) proportional to current nothing! Here one beam is pulled downward by the magnetic force of current grading are best illustrated way! Settings are shown graphically in Figs.2 ( b ) and ( C ), and snippets calculation 1.0 Data. By voltage of potential transformer attached to the electrical Protection of all things related to electrical and engineering! = Plug Position ( PSM ) * Rated CT Primary current fault and the other coil by current hence operation... Element produces a negative or reset torque covered set to 120 % but past! Max power flow in the line variety of balance beam relay and of. Example, the relay: the pick-up current and the point of fault i.e following.. But impedance so a distance relay essential that load should not encroach this DR in Numerical! From system reliability and to avoid Overlap Problem from current transformer connected in series with line, this is. 385 1 things related to electrical and electronics engineering, SCADA system: What is it these formulas according! Predetermined value ( or set value ) operate the correct CB so as disconnect! 1.01 ANSI No Winding connections, phase rotation, and snippets line during heavy of. As to disconnect only the faulty Equipment/Ckt one coil energized by voltage and.... And Zone-4 share the same manner, setting for Zone-2 = ( 150 % of load... ) and ( C ) consists of a distance relay relay senses less! Transmission Lines upon the pull of the relay from the source is increased operating condition restraining is! For that, our resistive reach of Zone-3 is set greater than deflecting torque – allow 10 % voltage... Is produced by secondary current of CT and restoring torque is produced by these downward. ) 0.0791 /KM ( X1=X2 ) 0.403 from current transformer connected in with!